General Information

Vessels of this ware include two major shapes, both used in the later
stages of sugar production. The first is the lower molasses jar (known
as a qadus in Arabic) and the second the upper sugar cone (ubluj
in Arabic). Liquid would drain out of the top and into the molasses
jar, leaving a cone of crystalline sugar in the upper portion. This ware
is generally associated with molasses jars with narrow necks, outward folded rims and omphalos bases, and sugar cones with
outward-folded or flattened rims, generally with a single 1.5-2.5 cm hole in
the bottom. Avissar and Stern (2005: 86, 104) date this ware to the
14th-15th century CE, but the sugar vessels of the Ottoman period found at Tell Umm al-Faraj seem to be of the same ware and shapes (Damatti 2011: 147).

Reddish and reddish-brown clay with lime grits and inclusions (Avissar and Stern 2005: 86, 104)

Sugar pots and molasses jars of the Mamluk period (Avissar and Stern 2005: 86, 104)

Yesud HaMa'ala (Israel/Hula Valley)