Khirbet et-Tannur is a Nabataean site dating from the 2nd century BCE to the 4th-6th centuries CE. It is located on a hilltop above the Wadi el-Hasa near Khirbet edh-Dharih, 70 km north of Petra along the King's Highway. In 1937, Nelson Glueck excavated Khirbet et-Tannur on behalf of the American Schools of Oriental Research and the Department of Antiquities of Transjordan, but died before completing a final report. The results of those excavations have been published in two extensively illustrated volumes, based on previously unstudied excavation records and archaeological materials in the ASOR Nelson Glueck Archive at the Semitic Museum, Harvard University. 

Whom the temple was dedicated to is not certain; based on the iconography of the deities depicted, it was either the fertility goddess Atargatis and Zeus-Hadad, or perhaps other Nabataean gods with similar attributes. The only inscription which mentioned a deity was in reference to the Edomite god Qos, who was the equivalent of the Arab god Quzah, the god of the sky.

The temple's earliest phase dates to the Iron Age (8th-7th c. BCE). It was maintained into the Roman era (2nd-3rd c. CE), meaning well into the Christian era, before the earthquake of 363 CE brought an end to the temple and the site as a whole.