Early Islamic 'Aqaba kilns
600-800
Early Islamic - Umayyad/Abbasid
Basin, Jar/Jug, and Jug, trefoil
This workshop consists of two kilns excavated as part of the 1993 season of the Aqaba Project in the front yard of a residential building on al-Jahiz Street in 'Aqaba, ca. 250 m north of the northern gate (the Syrian Gate) of Early Islamic Ayla. Both kilns are updraft kilns, with the larger kiln (Kiln I) measuring ca. 3 x 3.5 m and the smaller (Kiln II) measuring ca. 2.1 x 2.6 m (Melkawi et al. 1994: 449-452). The kilns were almost certainly part of a larger workshop, but the excavation area was very limited, and even these two kilns were not entirely exposed (Melkawi et al. 1994: 449). It is uncertain how large this workshop would have been, but three nearby kiln floors were also excavated by the Department of Antiquities of Jordan in 1973 (Melkawi et al. 1994: 447).
The primary products of the kiln were late 'Aqaba Wares, primarily of the 7th and early 8th centuries, but there is "partial overlap" of the types with the Mahesh Ware assemblage, suggesting that the workshop remained active into the second half of the 8th century (Melkawi et al. 1994: 463). It is also possible that not all kilns in the workshop were in use for the entire period of production, and Melkawi et al. (1994: 454) suggest that the later production waste found in Kiln I may indicate that it went out of use before Kiln II.